Re: 16 Channel ADC + 16 RC Servo Motor + 1 RS232 + PIC microcontroller
- From: Neil <NeilKurzm@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
- Date: Tue, 03 Oct 2006 03:46:55 GMT
Paul Carpenter wrote:
On 30 Sep, in article
<1159669255.424580.163820@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx>
robertohawkowski@xxxxxxxxxxxx "Roberto Hawkowski" wrote:
Hello Everyone,
I am a beginner hobbiest in embedded systems.
I want to build a system which will have
i. 16 channel, 16 bits ADC with SPI interface (it could be two 8
channel ADC)
Why 16bit ADC? Seems overkill as you are taking a 500 point moving average
of them. Then only using the top 10 bits for driving the servo! (see later)
ii. 16 RC Servo motor driver (capablity of generating 1-2ms RC
servo pulses with 10 bits resolution, for 16 RC servo motors)
iii. 1 RS232 port to communicate with a PC
iv. PIC microcontroller (all the above devices will be operated by
a PIC Microcontroller)
WHY have you chosen PIC?
WHICH PIC have you chosen?
PIC will run the following algorithm;
A. Initialise devices
B. Create a timer interrupt service routine which will read the 16
analog signals via ADC at 500 times per second and calculate a running
Hmm for single A/D with 16 channel mux
16 x 500 = 8000 Hz conversion rate
If each channel at end of conversion needs to be serviced then you would
need to service 8000 interupts per second. If the SPI device can send the
block of 16 results then you need to look at the transfer speed of
your SPI to send 32 bytes, 500 times per second. Then see if you
bitbang the SPI to do this speed as well as everything else.
You will probably need 32bytes of buffer storage to collect them into.
averagefor each channel
Do you mean a 500 point moving average or a 10 point moving average. If the
average is used to update the servo 50 times a second (every 20ms) then
you are only using an effective 10 point moving average between updates.
The delay on any action will be about half a second before a 1bit change
in the RC servo will occur, so you will be updating the servos with new
values less often than sending pulses to them.
To perform a moving average in fastest possible way you need to store
500 values (each 16bit) and a running total which would need to be
25bit bit at least (in reality 32bit), to subtract oldest value from
running total, overwrite oldest value with newest value, add in newest
value, which means you will need a 9 bit index (16bit in reality) for
all channels or one for each channel, depending on how software structured.
Then of course you will always be dividing running total by 500 for
the current average point in 16 bit then only use top 10 bits.
So data storage requirements are
16 x 16bit 32 bytes (SPI input buffer)
16 x 32bit 48 bytes (running totals)
16 x 500 x 16bit 16000 bytes (old values)
16 x 16bit 32 bytes (array index)
16112 bytes
=====
You do have a PIC with about 32kB of RAM don't you?
C. Read ADC channels (16 channel, 16 bits resolution) and calculate
running averages for each channel
500 or 10 point average?
Personally 10 or 12 bit ADC would do with 10 or 16 point moving average.
D. Transmit the calculated averages (16 channel, 16 bits
resolution) to a PC via RS232 channel
At what speed and how often, as I doubt you will be able to do more
than once a second in binary and another 32byte buffer for the data.
I doubt you have thought about framing the data.
E. Every 20ms. the RC servo motor positions (10 bits resolution)
data will be updated with the calculated averages
F. Goto step C
I will borrow an ICD-2 and MPLAB for the project and I will use
Microchip's PIC C compiler.
Can someone out there with PIC and MPLAB experience help me on PIC-C
code segments for
I. How to create an interrrupt service routine which will be called
500 times per second?
II. How to read data from SPI devices?
III. How to generate 16 RC servo pulses with 10 bit resolution (this
seems to be the most difficult)?
IV. How to send data via RS232?
Why are you trying to do all this without planning out your data requirements?
Why have you chosen the processor first, without seeing if it is possible
first?
I do appreciate if you can share your PIC C code snips.
This makes it look like a please do my homework question.
Thank you
Roberto Hawkowski
I can not be homework. A 16 Bit ADC is a job for a top professional. It is a non-starter for a beginner.
The Same with th RC servos for a 180 degree servo that is .25 degree resolution. Standard $20 servos are not that accurate.
The SPI and RS232 are built -in to the mid to bigger chips.
www.microchipC.com should have many samples
.
- References:
- 16 Channel ADC + 16 RC Servo Motor + 1 RS232 + PIC microcontroller
- From: Roberto Hawkowski
- Re: 16 Channel ADC + 16 RC Servo Motor + 1 RS232 + PIC microcontroller
- From: Paul Carpenter
- 16 Channel ADC + 16 RC Servo Motor + 1 RS232 + PIC microcontroller
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