Prolog, expert system shells and inference engines

Hi,

I want to develop expert systems (ES) for medical diagnosis. I have
actually made one by using RealBasic. But as a newbie I still have
some confusions:

1. Do I have to use an "inference engine"? Can not I simply put
IF...THENs? I have built my abovementioned ES in this way. Well, I
must say that it was not easy. But if I used an ES shell would it be
easier?

2. What is the difference between an ES shell and Prolog? Oh, yes, one
is a "shell" and the other is a "programming language". What I try to
mean is which one is better to build an ES?

3. The main question: As far as I know, Prolog has an inference
engine. Right? So it is comparable with ES shells. But today I have
seen a web site in which an ES shell was built by using Prolog:

http://www.cee.hw.ac.uk/~alison/ai3notes/section2_5_4.html

If Prolog has already an inference engine why is it necessary to build
a shell by using it?

Thanks in advance.

.

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